Current Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) requirements for landlords

 

The Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards (MEES) regulations, introduced in 2015, aim to raise the energy efficiency, comfort, and overall quality of privately rented homes and commercial properties in England and Wales.

Under MEES, landlords must ensure their properties meet a minimum EPC rating before they can be legally rented out.

 

Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) ratings

An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) contains information about a property’s energy efficiency, including a rating on a scale from A-G.

In the UK, an EPC is legally required whenever a property is built, sold, rented, or undergoes significant alterations, unless an exemption applies. It remains valid for ten years and must be made available to prospective buyers or tenants. The regulations require a rental property to have a minimum EPC rating in certain parts of the UK.

Landlords who fail to meet the EPC rating requirements could face enforcement action and be fined.


Current EPC minimum rating rules

In England and Wales, all rental properties (residential and commercial) must have a minimum EPC rating of E, unless they can claim a valid exemption.

In Scotland and Northern Ireland, all rental properties must have an EPC in place, but there is currently no overall minimum rating that must be achieved.

EPC minimum ratings could change

A recent consultation exercise looking at the regulations covering the minimum energy efficiency standards for rental properties in England and Wales closed in May 2025.

It’s a wide ranging consultation, but one proposal is to change the minimum EPC rating for a rental property in England and Wales to C (from and it is currently a minimum of an E rating).

 

Consultation on the energy performance of buildings regime and proposals which impact EPCs

The consultation applies to England and Wales only and the results have not yet been published.  If any of the proposals are adopted in the future they could impact landlords.  There is a link here.

The consultation is wide ranging, and this is not intended to be a summary or an overview of it, however to give a flavour of the scope of the consultation, it includes proposed changes to EPCs including:

  • using multiple metrics to measure EPCs;
  • a change to the validity period of EPCs;
  • a proposed EPC methodology for the Home Energy Model;
  • a proposed extension to require EPCs for houses in multiple occupation (HMOs); and;
  • a proposal to increase the penalties for a beach of the application legislation, amongst other changes.

 

Support for landlords

As any future changes to EPC rules may affect your property investment strategy, it’s important to know what your current obligations are and to be aware of any potential changes to consider how they may affect you.

Please note this page contains links to external websites. We are not responsible for the content of external websites.

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